Zambia’s Election Test: Media Freedom on Thin Ice

As Zambia approaches its 2026 elections, a pressing question looms over the country’s media landscape: Will the democratic progress made since President Hakainde Hichilema took office in 2021 be enough to safeguard press freedom? The answer is far from clear, and the stakes are high. Fair coverage of the election campaign hangs precariously in the balance.

One of the most significant concerns is unequal access to public media, a long-standing issue that has plagued Zambia’s electoral cycles. State-owned media outlets have traditionally favored the ruling party, leaving opposition voices largely relegated to private outlets. This disparity has serious implications for public trust and democratic participation, as analysts warn that unequal visibility during elections can undermine both.

Zambia’s media environment has improved compared to previous years, but it remains fragile. Financial challenges, dependence on advertising revenue, and the threat of political influence continue to erode editorial independence. Journalists face a daunting cocktail of legal, economic, and psychological pressures, which intensify during election periods when corruption, governance, and politics are under scrutiny.

The country’s punitive laws remain in place, negatively affecting journalism. The Sedition Act, State Security Act, and cyber laws are potent tools for silencing critical voices. Meanwhile, economic struggles within the media industry make newsrooms susceptible to influence from advertisers and politicians. Low pay, job insecurity, and difficulties accessing public information exacerbate the challenges facing journalists.

The digital landscape has become a battleground in Zambia’s election coverage. Citizen journalism and online platforms have expanded participation and engagement among younger voters, but they also create opportunities for misinformation, online harassment, and propaganda to flourish. Critically, legislation aimed at protecting citizens from malicious online activity has been criticized for infringing on individual rights.

The government remains committed to democratic freedoms and professional journalism, but its actions often fall short of rhetoric. The Access to Information Act is a welcome reform, but it must be buttressed by stronger institutions and policies that safeguard press freedom.

Ultimately, the upcoming elections will serve as a crucial test of Zambia’s commitment to media freedom and democratic maturity. Press freedom is not merely about laws; it’s about creating an environment where journalists can work freely, safely, and sustainably. As Zambia edges closer to election day, ensuring fair coverage, protecting independent reporting, and combating misinformation will be critical to maintaining public trust in the electoral process.

The international community must take notice of Zambia’s predicament, as the country’s progress on media freedom hangs precariously in the balance. Will it be enough to safeguard press freedom, or will Zambia succumb to the pressures that have long threatened its democratic gains? The world is watching, and the answer will come on August 13 – election day.